With the development of China's high-resolution special projects and the rapid development of commercial satellite, the resolution of the mainstream satellite remote sensing images has reached the sub-meter level. Ship target detection in high-resolution remote sensing images has always been the focus and hotspot in image understanding. Real-time and effective detection of ships play an extremely important role in marine transportation, military operations and so on. Firstly, the full-factor ship target sample library of high-resolution image is synthetically prepared. Then, based on the Faster R-CNN framework and Resnet model, optimize the parameters of the model to achieve accurate results. The simulation results show that the detection model trained in this paper has the highest recall rate of 98.01% and false alarm rate of 0.83%. It can be applied to the practical application of ship detection in remote sensing images.

研究了与中阶梯光栅光谱仪相关的二维重叠光谱的实时还原与波长自动标定技术。基于分光系统主色散及横向色散规律及它们之间的相互关系，建立了3个变换矩阵M1，M2和M3，由此给出了中阶梯光栅光谱仪面阵CCD上所有接收点处空间坐标与波长关系的谱图矩阵Mλ-XY，利用中心波长与自由光谱区特性获得了理想的无重叠谱图数据模型。提出了信号光斑识别方法，并对信号光斑位置坐标进行准确定位；结合所建立的谱图数据模型，实现了对二维重叠谱图的快速还原与标定。实验结果表明: 该方法在中阶梯光栅光谱仪谱图分析中不仅实时性强，而且波长精度可达0.01 nm，满足中阶梯光栅光谱仪高分辨率、全谱瞬态直读等要求。

为了在更宽波段范围内获得较高的分辨率，实现全谱直读，对中阶梯光栅光谱仪进行了研究。简述了中阶梯光栅及中阶梯光栅光谱仪的基本原理，分析并比较了这种光谱仪与普通平面闪耀光栅光谱仪的区别。利用光学成像原理与消像差理论设计了Czerney-Turner结构形式的中型高分辨率中阶梯光栅光谱仪原理样机的光学系统。该光学系统工作在原子谱线最为密集的200~500 nm波长处；为简化计算，在设计中消除了350 nm波长的所有像差；光线对中阶梯光栅在准Littrow条件下入射，以获得高衍射效率；使用折反射棱镜作为交叉色散元件来分离重叠的级次，在CCD探测器上获得了二维光谱面。该光学系统有较好的平场特性及点对点成像能力，在整个工作波长分辨率可达到2 000~15 000，满足设计要求。该仪器可用于原子发射和吸收光谱的研究工作，通过替换不同的探测器及增加外围电路与软件平台，仪器的工作性能可进一步提高。